Integrator - Freecircuits.net

Electronic circuits schematics diagrams FreeCircuits.net [category-12.html] Integrator By internum This circuit is essentially a low-pass filter with a frequency response decreasing at 6 dB per octave. Figure 1. Integrator For minimum offset error due to input bias current The integrator is shown in Figure 1 and performs the mathematical operation of integration. This circuit is essentially a low-pass filter with a frequency response decreasing at 6 dB per octave. An amplitude-frequency plot is shown in Figure 2. Figure 2. Integrator Frequency Response The circuit must be provided with an external method of establishing initial conditions. This is shown in the figure as S1. When S 1 is in position 1, the amplifier is connected in unity-gain and capacitor C1 is discharged, setting an initial condition of zero volts. When S1 is in position 2, the amplifier is connected as an integrator and its output will change in accordance with a constant times the time integral of the input voltage. The cautions to be observed with this circuit are two: the amplifier used should generally be stabilized for unity-gain operation and R2 must equal R1 for minimum error due to bias current. 0 09 December 2007 See also: Operational-Amplifier Oscillator The free-running multivibrator shown in is an excellent example of an application where one does not normally consider using an Op Amp. Sine Wave Oscillator An amplitude-stabilized sine-wave oscillator. This circuit provides high purity sine-wave output down to low frequencies with minimum circuit complexity. Adjustable Voltage References Adjustable voltage reference circuits (Positive and Negative). Home Audio Video & TV Power RF Digital Computer Telephone Measurement Security Lights & LED Oscillators Op Amplifiers Other Search Copyright © 2007 freecircuits.net