Participants of the project: leader Gershberg R.E., scientific workers Alekseev I.Yu., Baklanov A.V., Baklanova D.N., Bondar' N.I., Butkovskaya V.V., Lovkaya M.N., Petrov P.P., Plachinda S.I., Shlyapnikov A.A., Terebizh A.V.

INTRODUCTION
Up to date the stellar analogues of majority of events inherent to the solar activity have been discovered on stars of low and moderate masses and with convective transfer of energy within subphotospheric layers. However, in such stars within a wide range of stellar masses from 1.5 to 0.05 solar mass, in the ages from 10^7 to 10^10 years, and within the interval of axial rotation periods from ten hours to many dozens of days there are essential variations in stellar interior structures. As a result, stellar events physically relevant to the solar ones show a significant diversity. For instance, starspots on the most active stars occupy tens percents of stellar surfaces areas while the areas of sunspots do not exceed 0.5% of the solar surface. The radiation power of chromospheres and coronae of such stars are as high as hundreds of the respect solar values, and stellar flares emission exceeds by 2-3 orders of magnitude the strongest solar flares. Then, TTau-type stars, the youngest objects of the solar mass, show both stellar wind and accretion activity, and magnetic fields play the important role in interactions of a star with a protoplanetary disk. Therefore, the main goal of the project is to accumulate homogeneous data over a wide sample of stars to obtain data for searching probable relations between different manifestations of stellar activity and global characteristics of the stars - their masses, ages, rotational velocities, binarity, existence of accretion disks, etc. All this determines specific content of the project.

However, it should be stressed that the study on the solar-type activity among stars and on the solar-stellar physics in total is 'a two-ways street'. Considering events of stellar activity, stellar physicists widely use the respective well developed schemes and theories of the relevant solar activity events. On the other hand, a variety of active stars of different masses and ages permits to construct pictures of the past and the future of the solar activity over billions years. This allows to restore the history of the Solar system in total and of the Earth ecology in particular.

SPECIFIC GOALS OF THE PROJECT
For 4 decades many flare light curves of a lot of red dwarfs have been accumulated in CrAO. One of the objectives of the Project is analyzing the selected events from this archive and from new fast photometry data which are aimed to study the fine temporal structures of flares using the Zhilyaev's numerical method. (Lovkaya M.N., AZT-11)

The next problem under consideration is the long-term brightness variability of active red dwarfs. Towards this problem, the analysis of about 6000 negatives from several astronomical photographic archives has been carried out at CrAO. It permitted to study long-term brightness variations of 40 red dwarfs over time interval of a century. For several stars this analysis allowed to find periodicities of brightness variations that are similar to the solar 11-years cycle, and parameters of the periodicities were confronted with the stellar global characteristics. For further study into the problem, the selection of the relevant objects from the Crimean catalogue of flare stars, search for appropriate glass collections with images of these objects, and arranging their measurements are required. (Bondar' N.I., Shlyapnikov A.A.)

The zonal model of stellar spottedness proposed and developed in CrAO gave the strong impulse for qualitatively new study of stellar surface inhomogeneities. It permitted to define main characteristics of general pictures of stellar spottedness on three dozens of red dwarfs and to discover analogues of the solar Maunder butterflies on the most active stars. One of the goals of the Project is to spread the zonal model of stellar spottedness on the young TTau-type stars, post TTau objects and RS CVn binaries. (Alekseev I.Yu., AZT-11)

In CrAO the parallel spectral and photopolarimetric observations have been carried out for a sample of active stars aimed to study a connection between chromospheric active regions and local magnetic fields. This gives an information on vertical structure of a stellar atmosphere, and such observations will be continued within the framework of the Project. (Alekseev I.Yu., ZTSh and AZT-11)

Investigations of the young TTau-type stars permitted to consider early stages of stellar evolution for objects of the solar masses before they reached the main sequence. It was found that activity of such stars is stipulated both by inherent in the Sun processes of magnetic activity and by accretion of matter from a protoplanet disk onto a central star. One task of the Project is to study an interaction of these processes using the high resolution spectroscopy, to investigate the circumstellar gasodynamics within the stellar magnetosphere. (Petrov P.P., ZTSh)

Information on a global structure of a stellar magnetic field and its variations is a decisive one for theory of stellar activity of an object with a convective envelope. Up to date such information exists only for the Sun and about twenty stars. Accordingly to the previous Crimean studies with the original Stokesmeter, installed at the Shajn reflector, in addition to the poloidal and the toroidal components generated by dynamo mechanism, the Sun and solar-like stars have the third large-scale components of global magnetic fields which have a non-axialsymmetric structure. Characteristics of this third component suggest an existence of a magnetic field in radiative zone of a star under its convective envelope. The goal of project is to continue the survey high-precision magnetometric observations of stars of different spectral classes and luminosities to look for possible connection between global structure of magnetic fields and level of stellar activity. CrAO has one of a few systems that has a possibility to carry out such direct measurements of global stellar magnetic fields with necessary precision of about several Gs. (Placinda S.I., Butkovskaya V.V., Baklanova D.N., ZTSh)

MAIN PUBLICATIONS OF PARTICIPANTS OF THE PROJECT FOR THE LAST 5 YEARS
Gershberg R.E. and Shakhovskaya N.I. Some results of international campaigns initiated by the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory for investigation of flare stars. Kinamatics and physics of celestial bodies. Supplement N3 P.309-321, 2000.

Plachinda S.I. and Tarasova T.N. Magnetic field variations with a rotational period on solar-like star xi Bootis A. Astrophys.J. V.533 P.1016, 2000.

Bondar' N.I. Rotation periods and activity of red dwarfs. Odessa Astron.Publ. V.15 P.16, 2001.

Bondar' N.I. Variability of the photospheric radiation of active K-M dwarfs and their x-ray luminosities. Astron.Rep. V.79 P.542, 2002.

Alekseev I.Yu. Low mass spotted stars. Astroprint. Odessa. 2002.

Alekseev I.Yu,, Gershberg R.E., Katsova M.M., Livshits M.A. The flux deficit in star spots. Astron.Rep. V.45 P.482, 2001.

Gershberg R.E. and Petrov P.P. Chomospheric activity of stars observed in ultraviolet. In B.M.Shustov and D.Z.Wiebe (eds) 'Ultraviolet Universe'. GEOS. Moscow. 2001. P.102.

Petrov P.P., Gahm G.F., Gameiro J.F., Duemmler R., Ilyin I.V., Laakkonen T., Lago M.T.V.T., Tuominen I. Non-axisymmetrical accretion on the classical TTS RW Aur A. Astron.Astrophys. V.369 P.993, 2001.

Gershberg R.E. The solar-type activity amongst the main sequence stars. Astroprint. Odessa. 2002. English edition: Springer, Heidelberg, 2005.

Alekseev I.Yu., Baranovskii E.A., Gershberg R.E., Il'in I.V., Pettersen B.P., Shakhovskoi D.N., Jablonsky M. Modeling of emission spectra of the flaring red dwarf EV Lac: active regions, flares, and microflares. Astron.Rep. V.47 P.312, 2003.

Livshits M.A., Alekseev I.Yu., Katsova M.M. Butterfly diagram for starspots on LQ Hya. Astron.Rep. V.47 P.563, 2003.

Herbig G.H., Petrov P.P., Duemmler R. High-resolution spectroscopy of FUOrs. Astrophys.J. V.595 P.384, 2003.